Agha gbara ọchịchịrị gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor ka na-aga n'ihu kemgbe afọ a.Naanị na njedebe nke Nọvemba, mba EU kwetara inyefe ihe karịrị ijeri euro 40 iji kwalite ikike mmepụta semiconductor nke EU.Atụmatụ EU bụ ịbawanye oke mmepụta mgbawa nke ụwa site na 10% ugbu a ruo 20% site na 2030.
Ọ dịghị ihe ndaba, ozugbo na-achị na ubi nke integrated circuit semiconductor Japan nwekwara anwa anwa ịbụ owu na-ama, a ụbọchị ole na ole gara aga, Toyota, Denso, Sony, Nippon Telegraph na Telephone Corporation (NTT), Japan Electric (NEC), Softbank, Armor Man, Mitsubishi UFJ Bank jikọrọ ọnụ melite mgbawa usoro ụlọ ọrụ Rapidus, na-ezube nweta uka mmepụta nke ibe n'okpuru 2 nanometers na 2027. Dị ka ndị mbụ isi integrated circuit semiconductor mgbawa, United States na mgbawa technology elu ebe akara bụ ihe na-adịghị agwụ agwụ, banyere na. August nke afọ a iji mejuputa "Chip na Science Act", ga-abụ nnukwu enyemaka na zuru ụwa ọnụ e guzobere elu-ọgwụgwụ Integrated circuit semiconductor mgbawa yinye siphon mmetụta, ugbu a, Samsung, TSMC ahọrọla iwu ụlọ mmepụta ihe na United States. , tumadi ezubere iche teknụzụ mgbawa n'okpuru 5 nanometer.
Asọmpi ijikọ ụwa ọnụ nke Chip wepụrụ ọzọ, China enweghị ike ịbụ onye nkiri.Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na, n'otu aka ahụ, ndị na-asọmpi na-ebelata ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor nke China, ma na-egosipụtakwa n'ihu mkpa ọ dị mkpa ijikwa onwe ya na usoro ọkọnọ semiconductor.Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ere ahịa ike kwuru na ha nwere nchekwube banyere atụmanya mmepe nke nnọchi mpaghara semiconductor n'ime afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, na-atụ aro ka ndị na-etinye ego lekwasịrị anya na mpaghara ndị dị mkpa dị ka akụrụngwa, ihe na nkwakọ ngwaahịa na nnwale na egwu mpaghara.
Akụrụngwa dị n'elu: Usoro nhazi mpaghara na-eme ngwa ngwa
Na ngwa ngwa mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor na dual mbanye nke mba atumatu, ụlọ semiconductor akụrụngwa emepụta n'otu aka ahụ, na-aga n'ihu na-amụba ngwaahịa edemede, na nke nta nke nta na-agbaji monopoly nke mba ọzọ na-emepụta;n'aka nke ọzọ, na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ ngwaahịa, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ banye n'ahịa ahịa dị elu.Ọ bụ ezie na ngwá ọrụ semiconductor iji mee ka usoro nhazi mpaghara dịkwuo ngwa, ma ngbanwe ụlọ ka dị na mmalite, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-agafe usoro ụlọ ọrụ.
Onye nyocha nke nchekwa nchekwa Pacific Liu Guoqing kwuru na, dị ka ụdị akụrụngwa si dị, ọ bụ ezie na akụrụngwa debinding enwetala mpaghara, mana na CMP, PVD, etching, ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ọnụego mpaghara ka dị ala, ebe na fotolithography. , mkpuchi akụrụngwa mmepe n'oge a naanị iji nweta ọganihu site na 0 ruo 1. Ya mere, n'ozuzu ya, ọnụ ọgụgụ mpaghara ka nwere ohere maka imeziwanye, karịsịa na United States site na "Chip and Science Act" na iwu ụlọ. Ọkwa iji nwekwuo ego na mpaghara semiconductor, anyị kwenyere na n'isiokwu "mgbasawanye nke ala + nnọchi ụlọ", a na-atụ anya na ndị na-emepụta akụrụngwa ụlọ ga-agbago elu.
Site n'echiche nke ndabere nke ụlọ semiconductor akụrụngwa depụtara ụlọ ọrụ, arụmọrụ nke mbụ ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke 2022 semiconductor akụrụngwa ụlọ ọrụ malitere mee ngwangwa uto, nke ụlọ ọrụ si mkpokọta revenue ibu nke 65% afọ na-afọ;na mgbakwunye, uru ụlọ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye.Nkezi ụzọ atọ n'ime ụzọ atọ nke semiconductor akụrụngwa ụlọ ọrụ na-ewepụ ego netwọk nkezi uru nke 19.0%, 2017 ruo ugbu a n'afọ na-aga n'ihu dị elu dị ịrịba ama;N'otu oge ahụ, ụlọ semiconductor akụrụngwa depụtara ụlọ ọrụ iwu n'ozuzu elu ibu.
Mbubata akụrụngwa semiconductor bụ isi okwu.Yang Shaohui, onye nyocha na Everbright Securities, na-atụ aro ndị na-etinye ego ka ha ṅaa ntị na ndị na-emepụta ngwá ọrụ semiconductor SMIC, Shengmei Shanghai, North Huachuang, Core Source Micro, Tuojing Technology, Huahai Qingke, Wanye Enterprise, Precision Measurement Electronics, Tianjun Technology, Huaxing Yuanchuang, Crydom , Delonghi Laser, na Lightforce Technology.
Ihe ndị dị n'etiti: ịbanye n'oge mmepe ọla edo
Maka ihe semiconductor, ọ bụ ezie na ụgwọ mgbawa US abawanyela mmachi na mpaghara usoro China dị elu, mana China enweela ọganihu dị ukwuu na mpaghara ihe ndị metụtara semiconductor, a na-atụ anya na ụlọ ọrụ ihe semiconductor ga-etolite nzaghachi nzaghachi dị mma mgbe ha nwetasịrị na-aga n'ihu. iwu, ịdabere na adigide isi obodo inflows iji kwalite mgbasawanye nke dị semiconductor ihe ngwaahịa ikike na ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke semiconductor ihe Product development.
Onye nyocha nke Guangda Securities Zhao Naidi kwuru na n'usoro nke ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, iwebata ụdị ụgwọ ma ọ bụ atumatu ndị dị otú ahụ na United States adịghị etinye aka na ọganihu nke ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, kama ọ na-eme ka mmepe nke ikewasị nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị metụtara ya.Anyị kwesịkwara ime ngwa ngwa iji mejupụta ọdịiche dị n'etiti China na mpaghara ụfọdụ dị mkpa na ọkwa dị elu zuru ụwa ọnụ.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnụ ọgụgụ mpaghara ụlọ semiconductor na-emepụta ihe dị ihe dị ka 10%, dabere na mbubata.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, China na-agbasi mbọ ike iji kwado nhazi nke ụlọ ọrụ n'olu kaadị, na ndị na-emepụta ihe semiconductor anyị emeela ka ọganihu nke ngbanwe mpaghara.N'ọhịa nke integrated sekit, na osooso nke mpaghara nnọchi, ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ nkwalite na mba ulo oru amụma nkwado na ndị ọzọ ọtụtụ ezi nkwado, anụ ụlọ semiconductor ihe ụlọ ọrụ na-atụ anya webata na a ọlaedo mmepe oge, ụlọ ọrụ yinye nke elu-edu ụlọ ọrụ bụ. a tụrụ anya na ọ ga-ebute ụzọ n'erite uru.
Fab wafer arụpụtara ọhụrụ ga-abụ ebe a na-alụ ọgụ maka ihe semiconductor mpaghara iji mụbaa òkè ha.Hu An Securities Analyst Hu Yang rụtụrụ aka na ọhụrụ isi fab mmepụta oge malitere na 2022-2024, na-ekpe ikpe na oge windo ọla edo ga-aga n'ihu maka afọ 2-3, n'oge nke bụ oge kacha mma maka ụlọ ọrụ iji dochie ihe semiconductor n'ụlọ. .A na-atụ aro ka ndị na-etinye ego na-elekwasị anya na Jingrui Electric Material, Ike Ọhụrụ Ike, Nanda Optoelectronics, Jacques Technology, Jianghua Micro, Juhua, Haohua Technology, Huatech Gas, Shanghai Xinyang, wdg.
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa na nnwale nke ala: oke ahịa na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa IC na nnwale dị na ala nke yinye ụlọ ọrụ, nke enwere ike kewaa n'ime akụkụ abụọ: nkwakọ ngwaahịa na nnwale.N'okpuru mmepe mmepe nke ọpụrụiche na nkewa ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ IC, nkwakọ ngwaahịa IC na iwu nnwale ga-esi n'aka ndị nrụpụta IDM ọdịnala, nke dị mma maka nkwakọ ngwaahịa na ụlọ ọrụ nnwale.
Ụfọdụ isi mmalite ụlọ ọrụ na-egosi na n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ndị na-emepụta ụlọ na-ejikọta teknụzụ nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị elu ngwa ngwa site na njikọta na ịzụrụ, yana teknụzụ teknụzụ ejirila ndị na-emepụta esenidụt mekọrịtara ọnụ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa China dị elu n'ụwa na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye.Na ndabere nke iwu ụlọ na-akwado nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị elu, a na-atụ anya na mmepe nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa ụlọ ga-abawanye ngwa ngwa n'ọdịnihu.N'otu oge ahụ, n'okpuru ndabere nke esemokwu azụmahịa n'etiti China na US, ọchịchọ maka nnọchi ụlọ siri ike, òkè nke ndị isi nkwakọ ngwaahịa ụlọ ga-abawanye, na ndị na-emepụta nkwakọ ngwaahịa ụlọ ka nwere nnukwu uru.
Site na nkwalite nke mbufe ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, uru akụrụngwa mmadụ na mmasị ụtụ isi, ikike nkwakọ ngwaahịa IC zuru ụwa ọnụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbanwe na mpaghara Asia Pacific na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ejigide uto na-aga n'ihu.Dị ka data nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị metụtara ya si kwuo, ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eto eto nke ahịa nkwakọ ngwaahịa IC nke China adịla nke ukwuu karịa nke zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ihe karịrị afọ 10;Ọrịa ahụ metụtara, ọtụtụ eriri ọkọnọ nke semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ na-aga n'ihu ma ọ bụ kwụsịtụ n'oge ọrịa ahụ, na-enye ya na-aga n'ihu na-ejidesi ike ma ọ bụ kwụsị n'oge ọrịa ahụ, na-ejupụta na ọchịchọ siri ike nke ụgbọ ala ike ọhụrụ, AioT na AR / VR. , wdg, ọtụtụ semiconductor foundries nwere nnukwu ikike itinye n'ọrụ.Dabere na iji ikike siri ike yana atụmanya dị elu na-aga n'ihu n'ihe gbasara ọrịa a, a na-atụ anya na mmefu ego ndị na-eme semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-adị ike ma na-atụ anya na ndị nrụpụta nkwakọ ngwaahịa ga-erite uru zuru oke.
Dongguan Securities analyst Liu Menglin rụtụrụ aka na China nwere ike n'ụlọ asọmpi na nkwakọ na ule, na-enwe nchekwube banyere uru mma wetara site na-aga n'ihu mmepe nke elu nkwakọ na ụlọ ọrụ n'okpuru ndabere nke elu ọganihu na ogologo okwu.A na-atụ aro ka ị ṅaa ntị na teknụzụ Changdian, teknụzụ Huatian, Tongfu Microelectronics, Teknụzụ Jingfang na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ metụtara ya.
Asụgharị ya na www.DeepL.com/Translator (ụdị efu)
Oge nzipu: Dec-17-2022